Visit: http://www.dns-ok.us/ to check and see if you are infected.

DNSChanger Malware

DNS (Domain Name System) is an Internet service that converts user-friendly domain names into the numerical Internet protocol (IP) addresses that computers use to talk to each other. When you enter a domain name, such as www.fbi.gov, in your web browser address bar, your computer contacts DNS servers to determine the IP address for the website. Your computer then uses this IP address to locate and connect to the website. DNS servers are operated by your Internet service provider (ISP) and are included in your computer’s network configuration. DNS and DNS Servers are a critical component of your computer’s operating environment—without them, you would not be able to access websites, send e-mail, or use any other Internet services.

Criminals have learned that if they can control a user’s DNS servers, they can control what sites the user connects to on the Internet. By controlling DNS, a criminal can get an unsuspecting user to connect to a fraudulent website or to interfere with that user’s online web browsing. One way criminals do this is by infecting computers with a class of malicious software (malware) called DNSChanger. In this scenario, the criminal uses the malware to change the user’s DNS server settings to replace the ISP’s good DNS servers with bad DNS servers operated by the criminal. A bad DNS server operated by a criminal is referred to as a rogue DNS server.

The FBI has uncovered a network of rogue DNS servers and has taken steps to disable it. The FBI is also undertaking an effort to identify and notify victims who have been impacted by the DNSChanger malware. One consequence of disabling the rogue DNS network is that victims who rely on the rogue DNS network for DNS service could lose access to DNS services. To address this, the FBI has worked with private sector technical experts to develop a plan for a private-sector, non-government entity to operate and maintain clean DNS servers for the infected victims. The FBI has also provided information to ISPs that can be used to redirect their users from the rogue DNS servers to the ISPs’ own legitimate servers. The FBI will support the operation of the clean DNS servers for four months, allowing time for users, businesses, and other entities to identify and fix infected computers. At no time will the FBI have access to any data concerning the Internet activity of the victims.

It is quite possible that computers infected with this malware may also be infected with other malware. The establishment of these clean DNS servers does not guarantee that the computers are safe from other malware. The main intent is to ensure users do not lose DNS services.

What Does DNSChanger Do to My Computer?

DNSChanger malware causes a computer to use rogue DNS servers in one of two ways. First, it changes the computer’s DNS server settings to replace the ISP’s good DNS servers with rogue DNS servers operated by the criminal. Second, it attempts to access devices on the victim’s small office/home office (SOHO) network that run a dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server (eg. a router or home gateway). The malware attempts to access these devices using common default usernames and passwords and, if successful, changes the DNS servers these devices use from the ISP’s good DNS servers to rogue DNS servers operated by the criminals. This is a change that may impact all computers on the SOHO network, even if those computers are not infected with the malware.

Am I Infected?

The best way to determine if your computer or SOHO router has been affected by DNSChanger is to have them evaluated by a computer professional. However, the following steps can help you gather information before consulting a computer professional.

To determine if a computer is using rogue DNS servers, it is necessary to check the DNS server settings on the computer. If the computer is connected to a wireless access point or router, the settings on those devices should be checked as well.

Checking the Computer:

If you are using a Windows computer, open a command prompt. This can be done by selecting Run from the Start Menu and entering cmd.exe or starting the command prompt application, typically located in the Accessories folder within Programs on your Start Menu, as shown below:

At the command prompt, enter:

ipconfig /all

Look for the entry that reads “DNS Servers……….”

The numbers on this line and the line(s) below it are the IP addresses for your DNS servers. These numbers are in the format of nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn, where nnn is a number in the range of 0 to 255. Make note of the IP addresses for the DNS servers and compare them to the table of known rogue DNS servers listed later in this document. If the IP addresses of your DNS server appear in the table below, then the computer is using rogue DNS.

You can also look for your DNS servers without using the command prompt.

For windows XP machines, click on Start and select My Network Places. Then select Network Connections. In this example, the wireless connection is used.

Click on the connection that is active. This will bring up the Network Connection Status screen. Click on Support and then Details. Check for the values that correspond to the DNS servers.

If you are using an Apple computer, click on the Apple in the top left corner and choose System Preferences.

Then, from the Apple System Preferences window, choose Network.

The Apple Network pane will show a number of possible connections on the left side. Choose the one that is active for you and click on the Advanced button in the right lower corner. Then choose DNS from the options to show the DNS servers you are using.

Compare whether your computer has DNS servers listed in the number ranges listed below.